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Shri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir ((ヒンディー語:श्री दिगंबर जैन लाल मंदिर) ) is the oldest and best-known Jain temple in Delhi, India. It is directly across from the Red Fort in the historical Chandni Chowk area. It is known for an avian veterinary hospital in a second building behind the main temple. It is known as the Jain Birds Hospital. Located just opposite the massive Red Fort at the intersection of Netaji Subhas Marg and Chandni Chowk, Digambar Jain Temple is the oldest Jain temple in the capital, originally built in 1656.〔Bharat ke Digambar Jain Tirth, Volume 1, Balbhadra Jain, 1974〕 An impressive red sandstone temple today (the temple has undergone many alterations and additions in the past and was enlarged in the early 19th century), Shri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir is popularly known as ''Lal Mandir'' "Red Temple". == History == Old Delhi was founded by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan (1628–1658) who built what is commonly known as the old city or walled city, surrounded by a wall, with the main street Chandni Chowk in front of the Red Fort, the imperial residence. Shah Jahan invited several Agrawal Jain merchants〔http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/india-s-agrawal-community-its-history-and-prominent-personaliti-18629.html?page=4〕 to come and settle in the city and granted them some land south of the Chandani Chauk around Dariba Gali. He also permitted them to build a temporary structure to house a Jain temple. The Agrawal Jain community acquired three marble idols installed by Jivaraj Papriwal under the supervision of Bhattaraka Jinachandra in Samvat 1548 (1491 AD) for the temple. The main icon is that of Tirthankara Parshva. It is said that the deities in temple were originally kept in a tent belonging to an Agrawal Jain officer of the Mughal army. During the Mughal period, the construction of a shikhara for a temple was not permitted. This temple did not have a formal shikhara 〔Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia, David Gilmartin, Bruce B. Lawrence, University Press of Florida, 2000〕 until after India's independence when the temple was extensively rebuilt. In 1800-1807, Raja Harsukh Rai, the imperial treasurer obtained imperial permission to build a temple with a shikhara in the Agrawal Jain neighborhood of Dharamapura, just south of Chandani Chauk. Thus temple, known for fine carvings, is now known as the Naya Mandir "New Temple". The Gauri Shankar temple next to the Lal Mandir, was founded about a century later in 1761 by Appa Gangadhara, a Maratha Brahman in the service of the Scindia when Delhi was under their influence. It also has been significantly rebuilt in the past few decades. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sri Digambar Jain Lal Mandir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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